Childhood and youth

Isak Federman, the sole survivor of his family, was 17 years old when the Germans occupied Wolbrom. A short while later, he was grabbed off the street by the SS and sent to the first of a series of labor and concentration camps. He was liberated by the British at Sandbostel, a sub-camp of Neuengamme, in 1945. At the Bergen-Belsen displaced persons camp, he met Ann Warshawski and they made their way to Kansas City in 1946. In 1993, with his friend Jack Mandelbaum, he founded the Midwest Center for Holocaust Education.

Ann Federman was the next-to-youngest of nine children born to Miriam and Abraham Warszawski in Będzin, Poland. Only fourteen when the Germans invaded Poland, Ann spent the war in Parschnitz, a slave labor in camp in Czechoslovakia. After liberation, Ann was eventually reunited with her sister and two brothers. The family lived in the Bergen Belsen Displaced Persons Camps where she met her husband, Isak Federman. They came to the United States in 1946, settling in Kansas City, where they were the first Holocaust survivors to marry.

Gustave Eisemann, was born in 1926 in Halberstadt, Germany. He lived comfortably with his parents and sisters in Berlin, where they frequented the opera, theater, and museums and where Gustave attended a Modern Orthodox Jewish day school. After Hitler came to power in 1933, he saw Hitler Youth and antisemitic newspapers in the street and his parents became increasingly aware that they were not accepted. As it became increasingly difficult for his father to conduct business with non-Jewish businessmen, the family prepared paperwork to leave Germany, receiving affidavits of support from relatives in the United States. In the spring of 1938, the Eisemanns left Germany, settling in Kansas City, where Gustave entered the seventh grade. Gustave completed his education, including being admitted as one of the first Jewish residents at the University of Kansas School of Medicine. He met his wife Elinor during a fellowship in hematology at Boston’s New England Medical Center.

Dora Edelbaum was the fourth of five children born to Hinda and Hersh Kiwasz. When Dora was 12 years old, the Germans invaded Poland. Shortly after the invasion the Kiwasz family was relocated to the Lodz Ghetto where Dora worked until her deportation to Auschwitz-Birkenau. After being transferred through a variety of labor camps, Dora found herself in Bergen-Belsen where she was liberated in 1945.

Maria Devinki grew up in Wodzisław, Poland. The Germans sent her father to Treblinka and forced the rest of the family into a ghetto. In 1943, after a year spent as a slave laborer in the Skarżysko complex, a Polish army officer helped Maria leave the camp and hide – along with her husband, her mother, and her brothers. After the Soviets liberated Poland, they tried to resume their lives. However, in May 1945, after her younger brother was killed by members of the Armia Krajowa, Maria and her husband made their way to Germany and from there to the United States, arriving in Kansas City in 1950.

Ilsa Dahl grew up in Geilenkirchen, Germany where her family had lived for generations. They were observant Jews and patriotic Germans, and Ilsa’s father had served in the German army during World War I. Of the town’s 4000 inhabitants, most were Roman Catholics, with whom the family enjoyed friendly relations. Ilsa had hoped to be an archeologist, but the Nazis thwarted her hopes for higher education, so she studied dressmaking, first in Aachen and then in Berlin, where she met her future husband. Ilsa, who already had an American visa, left Germany days after Kristallnacht, but her parents and most of her extended family were killed in camps. 

She discusses joining family in Kansas City, working in the garment industry, her family and social life, and other topics.

Interview with Joe Avery, former resident of the Steptoe neighborhood in Kansas City, Missouri. Avery discusses his childhood and family history, including growing up at the corner of 43rd Terrance & Washington, attending Penn School, his father's work at Manor Bakery, the Steptoe community and St. James Baptist Church, recreational options in the rest of the city, and encountering segregation. He also discusses living in Flint, Michigan and working in the automotive industry before moving back to Kansas City, and shares memories of St. Luke's Hospital. 

Interview with civil rights activist and Kansas City Public Schools board member Fletcher Daniels. Daniels discusses his family and early life and education in Muskogee, Oklahoma, being drafted into the army, and moving to Kansas City to work as a postal clerk. He also discusses Kansas City's Black community, his memories of Ruth Kerford and the Community Committee for Social Action, staging demonstrations for integration of downtown department stores, his memories of the protests after the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr., and his experience in leadership of the local NAACP, and his work with and as part of the KCPS board, including his thoughts on school integration.

Interview with Muriel Boyd about her life in Kansas City, her family history, being shielded from the knowledge of segregation by her parents, and her Cherokee ancestor Elizabeth Mantooth Starks. She also discusses her memories of the 18th and Vine area, her memories of the protests following the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., her history with the Paseo Baptist Church, and memories of Black political leaders including Bruce R. Watkins.

Interview with Kansas City school board member John Rodriguez about his life in Dodge City, Kansas, and later Kansas City, Missouri. Born in 1941, he recalls growing up in a predominantly Mexican area of Dodge City where his father worked in packing houses and for the railroads, educational discrimination faced by Mexican-American students, being unable to get haircuts in Dodge City barbershops, and enlisting in the army. He also discusses visiting Kansas City and being able to see Mexican movies, attend fiestas, and buy Mexican groceries and, while discrimination existed, having access to Mexican barbers and public swimming pools. After studying Spanish and French in college, he began his teaching career in Kansas towns including Elkhart and Hutchinson, and came to Kansas City as Director of Outreach Programs for University of Missouri-Kansas City. He later worked in roles furthering educational opportunity and was elected to the Kansas City School Board in 1975.